ABSTRACT

Mobility nature of the mobile nodes has the most obvious problem, call drop. A handoff methodology should ensure drop rate reduction for the proper functioning of the network. Call drop may occur mainly because of the loss of signal strength when the mobile node moves away from the coverage of the base station and bandwidth starvation because of the congestion. Congestion can be handled by reducing the load by call drop or balancing the load by distributing to the nearby channel where the bandwidth is sufficient. Even if the call drop is reduced by changing the ongoing call from current channel to the next available channel, when the QoS requirement of the current traffic is not satisfied by the target channel because of the bandwidth starvation, again the ongoing call needs to be changed into another channel, which is frequent switching between the base stations (ping-pong effect), is also important to reduce to avoid the unnecessary wastage of resources. This paper concentrates on successful handoff decision; reduce unnecessary handoff and proper utilization of resources by implementing load balancing.