ABSTRACT

Recent advances in wireless communication technology and research in ad hoc wireless networks have made smart sensing a reality. A Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is composed of a number of wireless sensor nodes which form a sensor field and a sink. These large numbers of nodes, having the abilities to sense their surroundings, perform limited computation and communicate wirelessly form the WSNs. Wireless sensor networks have to achieve minimum energy consumption through making use of efficient energy efficient protocols. In this paper, we present a cross layer approach for optimizing data gathering from sensor nodes and in turn increase the lifetime of the network. Cross layer Cluster Approach makes use of both routing and MAC layers information to reduce congestion, increase packet delivery ratio and minimize energy usage. A cluster approach helps in identifying the energy consumption of the node near to the base station and cluster head is selected based on the residual energy of the sensor nodes. This new approach helps in improving the data delivery ratio for regular traffic and also reduces energy consumption thereby prolonging the lifetime of wireless sensor nodes. Through our simulation results, we prove that the performance of the cross layer cluster approach is better than the traditional layer approach.