Determine optimal areas for the design of diesel, wind, biomass, photovoltaic and nonvolatile power stations for domestic use

Today, the use of new energy as a source of dispersed sources of production has grown dramatically throughout the world. This article aims to study the technical and economic parameters of a diesel, windy, photovoltaic, biomass and battery combination system for a large indirect electricity supplier in eastern of Iran. As a case study, the feasibility of a hybrid system for meeting the needs of the population of the population with a load factor of 0.25 was investigated. This is designed to reduce system costs over its 20-year life span. Homer's software is designed to model system performance and identify its optimal areas based on technical, economic, and environmental analysis. Finally, the proposed model is simulated with the help of Homer software along with the anomaly, radiation, fuel prices and biomass cost of the eastern regions of Iran. By comparing the results, it can be concluded that with the proper design of dispersed production resources, a significant amount of costs can be reduced and the use of renewable energy is economical.

number of photovoltaic samples, wind turbines, biomass, diesel, as well as stored batteries was determined and the results were confirmed by Homer software. The main problem of renewable energy systems is the excessive dependence of these systems on environmental conditions, which change with time. One way to overcome this problem is to combine these energy sources with traditional energy systems using the strengths of an energy source to balance the weaknesses of other energies. A wind-generated solar power system with a diesel generator and power storage or network connection can provide such reliable electricity supplier (Elghitani, F. et al). In such a system, the main challenge is to obtain the desired size and compute components to meet the demand for the electric charge at minimum cost. This paper examines the feasibility of using a hybrid power generation system for large electricity consumers in eastern Iran. The HOMER Pro software is used to simulate and obtain optimal components compatibility for our study. Separated systems from the network with battery storage were investigated. Then, the financial and environmental issues of various items such as cost of electricity (COE), net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), combustible particles and greenhouse gas emissions are discussed. The effects of uncertainty on load demand and annual change in power consumption are discussed. Modeling and simulating system operation In this section, the relations governing the studied system will be examined. Also, to simulate the system, oneyear courses are divided into one-hour intervals, and simulations are run for an hour. Solar Cell Equations The maximum solar cell (PV) output power in day i and at t is calculated from equation (1).
In which, and , respectively, are the number of series cells and parallel solar cells and also in  According to Fig. 1, the output power of a wind unit is related to the wind speed and is obtained from equation (6).

Equations for wind units
Which (t) is the battery bank of the wind turbine at I th day and at t th hour (w).( ) and ( ) are speed and power of wind turbines. The amount of wind speed depends on the height of the turbine installation and is obtained from equation (7).
Which ( ( ) is Wind speed in turbine , (t) is base speed value and is base height. A fixed term called power law, which is set to between Figure 1: Power characteristic in terms of wind speed in wind unit Calculations of the battery's bank According to the specifications of the battery banks, the bank used in this model is only allowed to discharge 80%. This value depends on the discharge depth determined by the system designer. The minimum capacity of the battery during the discharge process is obtained from equation (8).
In the above equation The least the capacity of the battery during discharging DOD :Maximum discharge depth Battery Name Capacity The amount of battery capacity is time-dependent and varies over time in accordance with (9).
In the above relationship

1-1 Calculation of initial costs and installation
The initial cost and installation of the system is a function of the following parameters:

Carbon dioxide emissions and carbon taxes
The emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) in electric hybrid systems is generated by generator and network power consumption. For a generator, annual emissions are calculated by the factor of emission factor by total annual fuel consumption. In a network-connected system, the emission of CO2 by the net emission factor of the grid (in kilowatt-hours) is evaluated by the emission factor (in g / kilowatt-hour). (Homer Guide) Carbon taxes are a cost that consumers of fossil fuels encounter serious damage when releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. There are no taxes on CO2 production in Iran, but it can be an incentive to create renewable projects. 1-Simulate the system and information required Each hybrid energy system mainly includes the following: 1. energy generators, such as wind turbines and photovoltaic panels 2. Non-combustible energy generators, such as diesel generator, biomass, power storage unit, power converter, direct or indirect power, load and network (if available). Figure 2 depicts an overall image for a hybrid energy system. Homer performs three main tasks of simulation, optimization, and sensitivity analysis. It can model the performance of a particular system at any time of the year in order to determine its technical cost and operating costs (Homer's Guide). Homer requires four types of input data, including weather information, load data, system component data, and financial data as follows:

1-Meteorological information
Birjand is located at 59 degrees 13 minutes longitude and 32 degrees and 53 minutes latitude and at an altitude of 1470 meters above sea level. Solar and wind pattern data for Birjand are presented in Figures 3 (a) and (b), respectively

1-1 Information about the study
According to the electricity bill, the total demand is 3618 MW, with a daily average of 9911 kWh, a demand of 725 kW, and an initial load demand of 186 kW. Figure 4 shows the demand for monthly electricity bills at low, moderate and maximum hours .Low, medium and peak hours in the summer hours from 23:00 to 7:00, 7:00 to 19:00 and 19:00 to 23:00, and in the winter hours from 21:00 to 5:00, 5:00 to 17:00, and 17: 00-21: 00. The coefficient of charge we considered was 0.25.

1-2 System component information
The use of generator diesel especially in systems independent of the network is essential to ensure the continuity of supply. Also, the storage unit is used to balance electricity generation and power consumption. However, in the region with access to the network, diesel generator and battery storage can be removed. Technical characteristics of system components are presented in Table 1. It is to be mentioned that in practice the real constraints are determined by investors regarding the required investments and the cost of generating electricity, access to equipment, required fields, government incentives and technical issues. Table 2 shows the costs of the system components. According to the energy price liberalization program in Iran, the price program of the energy carriers must reach 75 % of its export price, which means electricity and gas prices would be 7.5 / kWh and 24 / L Moreover, given the government's incentive policies, the price of electricity sales to the network is about $ 0.2 / kWh for wind and $ 0.3 / kWh for solar power production (SUNA organization). The length of the project life and the real interest rate is 20 years and 10 .%

2-1 Output of photovoltaic panels
Solar cells produced the highest production between 10 and 14, and in January, February, March, and especially November, the solar cells had the highest production in the same hours. With regard to simulation results and as shown in Fig. 6, photovoltaic cells have a large role in load supply, since the capacity of these cells in this limited study is possible due to the load type. but since there is a low load in this study and the number of production resources is large, there is no problem in terms of production shortage and more economical resources will have the highest production here solar cells and then wind turbines are operated. It is evident that the investment costs of power electronic devices such as inventor with respect to the high costs of it are higher than the other ones.

1-1. Biomass Generator Output and Diesel Generator
This state of the biomass generator between 12:00 and 20:00, according to peak load, has the highest production and is off for the rest of the hours. The reason is that biomass production requires the operator and may not be economically feasible. But, other technical and economic parameters also affect biomass performance. In this scenario, diesel generators have little production, due to the high costs of maintenance and surely the initial investment (in this article) and also in terms of the environment (which Homer software is sensitive to), during a few hours a day from day to day is located. Figure 7(a, b). 2-Analysis of simulation results According to the results of simulation using the study load and the costs and network used, the combined power plants which are more suitable for load demand are analyzed as follows:

Effect of the price of solar panel investment in wind turbine:
According to Figure 8, the prices for wind turbines, solar panels, diesel generators, biomass, and battery life are considered to be the actual current price of the equipment. In today's conditions and prices, the best option for supplying electricity to domestic customers with the load curve examined is the use of a photovoltaic hybrid power plant, battery and biomass.

Impact of Diesel Investment Price Changes versus Wind Turbine:
In figure 9, prices for wind turbines, solar panels, diesel generators, biomass and battery life are considered to be the real price for the current equipment. In today's conditions and prices, the best option for supplying electricity to domestic customers with the load curve examined is the use of a photovoltaic, battery, and diesel power plant. Figure 9: Impact of Diesel Investment on Wind Turbines

2-3. the effect of biomass price change over diesel prices:
According to Figure 10, prices for wind turbines, solar panels, diesel generators, biomass and battery life are considered to be the real price for the current equipment. In today's conditions and prices, the best option for supplying electricity to domestic customers with the load curve examined is the use of a photovoltaic, battery, and diesel power plant

Conclusion
In this paper, a hybrid energy system is designed to meet the needs of power of iran.a number of settings outside the network and on the diesel generator network, wind turbine, biomass panel, biomass and battery storage were investigated. This can be concluded as follows: The results show that the optimal recruitment in hybrid systems design has a significant impact in reducing costs and making the project economical. It is clear from the results that for home loads, due to the existence of peak times, the use of the biomass plant is conomical, although other technical and economic parameters must be considered. The carbon emissions tax could be a viable policy to encourage investment in large renewable energy projects.