Pasip Filter Design Can Reduce Harmonics And Add Lighting For Work Convenience

1, Faculty of Electrical Engineering University of Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia. 2 Faculty of Electrical Engineering University of Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia. 1 Email: ketutgedewijaya@gmail.com 2 Email: made_mmataram@yahoo.com 3 Departmen of Electrical Engineering of Bali State Polytechnic Badung,Bali, Indonesia, 3 Email: amerta.yasa@gmail.com Abstract— Electrical energy is necessary in human life for the sake of survival. Society is now very dependent on electric energy because without the existence of electrical energy the community activity will be stalled. The loads used in electric energy operations vary widely. Electrical energy operations are severely disrupted due to unbalanced load and nonlinear loads. Unbalanced load and nonlinear loads used for the operation of electrical energy can be disturbing because they produce non-pure sinusoidal waves. THD_i (harmonics) caused by the unbalance of load and nonlinear load have an impact on electric energy losses and heat on the transformer. THD_i (harmonics) is caused by unbalance of load and nonlinear load. The method used to solve the problem is ergonomic design, measurement, and give kusioner. THD_i between Phases RN equal to 7.87%, at SN equal to 3.22%, and at TN 2,41%. After the Passive Filter design is installed THD_i between Phases becomes smaller that is at RN becomes 1.82%, SN becomes 0.82%, and in TN becomes 0.57%. THD_i (harmonics) between phases can be decreased by 43% after Passive Filter is installed. Desain Passive filters are very effective at reducing THD_i (harmonics).

From the above description can be made problem formulation as follows: 1. What is the level of harmonics that occurs on non-load imbalance and non-linear load? 2. How is the Pasip Filter design for the electricaly load available?

Research Benefits
1. To know how to reduce harmonics due to load imbalance and non linear load. 2. It is recommended to all parties through this paper to be able to introduce one way to reduce harmonics because harmonics are dangerous for the continued use of electric power..

II. MATERIAL AND METODS
The material in this research is a small system in the laboratory of electric power at the laboratory of Electrical Engineering Udayana University, Bukit Jimbaran, Bali.
The method used is by way of direct measurement and finding sources of standard provisions on the IEEE as a reference in analyzing the results of research obtained.
III. HOW TO RESEARCH 1. Preparing the tool to which will used on the research. 2. Conducting research. 3. Record data of current harmonic current (THD_i) resulting from unbalanced load and nonlinear load. 4. Conduct analysis. 5. If the level of harmonics (THD) exceeds that standardized according to IEEE then do the repair and design Pasif Filters for existing system.

Measurement Results and Calculation Results
The results obtained from the measurement of THD_i at each phase of the study site are:

Terms:
Phases in electric power there are 3 that is phase of R, phase of S, and phase of T with symbol 

.
As for the balance electric power must be installed neutral (phase N). The R-N phase means the phase of R and Phase N The S-N phase means the phase of S and Phase N The T-N phase means the phase of T and Phase N

Harmonic Level Occurred Due to imbalance of load and Nonlinear Load 5.1.1 Harmonic analysis
The result of measurement current of phase to neutral with load imbalance and nonlinear load before installed passive filter at phases : R-N is 33,3 ampere, S-N is 66,2 ampere, and T-N is 79.2 ampere. Unbalanced of load and nonlinear loads resulted in which is quite large THD_i (harmonic) rate between phases is: R-N of 7.87%, S-N at 3.22%, and T-N at 2.41%. THD_i (harmonics) produced can cause heat to the other loads. THD_i that occurs between the R-N phases already exceeds THD_i permitted according to IEEE standards (5%) ⦋2⦌ . THD_i arising from unbalanced loads and nonlinear loads may cause damage to existing equipment in the laboratory because the equipment in the laboratory is a heat sensitive device (computer) ⦋1⦌ .

Passive Filter Design
The Passive Filter Design is designed with data C, L, and R derived from the calculation on load. Passive Filter Design is installed to minimize THD_i in an effort to create work convenience. Passive Filter Design can reduce THD i and increase the light intensity of the lamp. Passive filters installed will reduce power losses and can provide lighter light intensity so there is no need to increase the capacity of the lamp. Passive filter mounted on load in order to muffle THD_i (harmonics) ⦋3⦌ . Passive Filter installed can reduce THD_i between phases from 7.87 to 1.82 on between phases R-N, from 3.22 to 0.82 on between phases S-N, and from 2.41 to 0.57 on between phases T-N.

Terms:
1. XCS is an oscilooscope 2. XDA is tool of distortion analysis 3. XFG is Function Generator

Effectiveness of Passive Filter Installation in Reducing Harmonics arising Due to imbalance of load and nonolinear load.
Reducing the occurrence of harmonics is necessary to be more stable in distributing electric power. Harmonics due to unbalanced loads and nonlinear load can generate heat in the channel and between bus. The heat that arises can affect the condition of the equipment used. Passive Filter installed can reduce THD_i to 76% ⦋3⦌ . Passive filter after installed is very effective to reduce THD_i. Passive filters can increase the voltage on the buses that decrease due to load imbalance and nonlinear loads ⦋4⦌ . After passive filter installed will can decrease THD_I (current harmonics) between buses. Passive Filter good to installed for installation on power systems with unbalanced load conditions and nonlinear loads ⦋4⦌ . Passive Filter installs cause an increase in RMS current and the Fundamentan voltage between buses. The Bus Voltage at the early load decreases and after the Passive Filter is installed it becomes increased so that the installation of an effective Passive Filter is installed to overcome THD_i (harmonics).

Lighting
Passive filters provide an advantage on working conditions by increasing the flow electric of power on the lamp load through a measurement. The electric current after Passive Filter is installed will have an effect by increasing the intensity of the light on the lamp. The intensity of light on the lamp is measured at 5 point of angle (in front that is: right-left, and back that is: right-left, and middle). The intensity of the light is measured at a 5-point angle (on the right front, left, middle, and left right back). Initial light intensity has a mean of 140 lux and after mounted passive filter the lamp has a light intensity with a mean of 246 lux. The 246 lux light intensity meets the requirements for working conditions ⦋6⦌ . The intensity of light in working conditions can affect work and can reduce eye fatigue. The intensity of light is higher then the eyes will be able to see the writing with brighter. The intensity of light becomes higher due to the power quality becomes better will affect the light intensity. The greater the intensity of the light the more obvious it can see the objects around ⦋8⦌ .

The principle of ergonomics
The principle of ergonomics can be applied to the installation of electrical installations by designing and installing Passive Filters together with the installation of electrical installations. The load imbalance that occurred can be overcome early by installing the design of electrical installation well by setting the phase load in a balanced manner. Installation of the overall design is done as early as possible in order to reduce the larger costs to be incurred ⦋7⦌ . If repairs are made after the installation of a electrical power it will provide an additional cost. Ergonomics provides advice to work effectively and efficiently. Ergonomics hope for all humans can work naturally without having to work accident accidents resulting from lack of light intensity in the workspace ⦋6⦌ .

Updates Retrieved from Title
Passive Filter Design can be done where the problem unbalance of load and nonlinear load which cause THD_i (harmonics) to be high. This design method has a way of minimizing THD_i in quite effective condition. Passive filter design is a simple but effective way use to make electrical power system installation better and convenient from THD_i (Harmonics) and can be applied in places where unbalances load and nonlinear load occur in electrical power system. Passive Filter Design can be developed according to the condition of existing power system. ACKNOWLEDGMENT The recognition was given by Prof. Dewa Sutjana (Udayana University) and Prof. I Made Sutajaya (University of Ganesha Singaraja) and thank You to all. CONCLUSION Conclusions can be made as follows: 1. Passive Filter Design by using the load data calculation results can reduce THD_i (harmonics) and can increase the RMS current and the fundamental voltage so as to reduce the loss of electrical energy. Fundamental Voltage Improvement will affect the increase of light intensity on the lamp. Increased light intensity occurred from 140 lux increased to 246 lux. The intensity of 246 lux light is enough to do activities in the room. 2. If the Passive Filter design is installed at the beginning of the installation then it will be better for aesthetics and more effective and efficient in usage. 3. Passive Filter Design is effective enough to reduce THD_i (harmonics) is proven to reduce THD_i harmonics by 76%.