Aviation Infrastructure Planning Through GP

This paper makes an attempt to analyze the feasibility solutions with use of infrastructure planning for the purpose of project selection and finance arrangements. To analyze the project with respect to the sustainable indicators economic, social and environmental aspects of the project adequately. This research considers the decision framework for the sustainable transportation planning with appropriate use of sustainability indicators that help in prioritizing transportation plans with the help of goal programming optimization methodology. Paper makes an attempt to study the feasibility solutions with use of infrastructure planning for the purpose of project selection and finance arrangements. Through this paper suggested a goal programming model towards the resolution of a sustainable aviation transportation infrastructure plan. This model could help the decision maker with an ease in making effective decisions.

presented a study, which coordinates the sustainable development system to plan an optimal strategy path to sustainable development in Taiwan. In this study a multi-objective integrated goal programming model suggested. At the time of literature review and while analysis of real world problems, we observed a close linkage between sustainability and optimization resolutions by the use of goal programming technique (Jeon [8] and Liner [11]).
AVIATION INDUSTRY Aviation is integral to the global economy and is one of the fastest growing industries in the world. However, aviation can be a significant contributor to local air pollution and ambient noise and is set to become a prominent cause of global warming if present growth trends continue. While the economic benefits of aviation are of the utmost importance and need to be retained, the potential for expansion in aviation could represent one of the main obstacles to environmentally sustainable development at the global level.

Aviation and Sustainability
Aviation brings several sustainability related benefits including: A.
Freedom of mobility; Major direct, secondary and indirect economic improvement E.
Global business links F.
Military security G.
Positive globalization effects. It also provides costs including: A.
Finite resource depletion B.
Noise C.
Atmospheric emissions (air quality, ozone depletion, acid rain and climate change) D.
Waste products E.
Accidents Augmentation of Aviation's Sustainable Development At present, society's remit for aviation is to serve demand for air transport. This implies ongoing growth and as previously stated, whilst it is not possible to make aviation sustainable (in its present form) in the very long term, much can be and is being done to improve aviation's sustainability including:

A.
Ensuring safety and security B.
Efficiently optimizing available capacity C.
Making decisions based on optimizing the balance between social, economic and environmental imperatives D.
Serving the need for mobility in a manner where the greatest overall benefit will arise, meeting the needs of stakeholders E.
Taking every opportunity to minimize adverse impacts and resource use by creating and operating more efficient ATM systems, equipment and technology F.
Avoid conflicting policy and regulations.

Operations Deployment -Needs Planning A.
Fly on routes and at altitudes to achieve minimum emissions.

B.
Renegotiate en-route fuel reserve regulations.

D.
Install winglets at the end of wings to reduce drag.

E.
Redesign hubs/schedules for less congestion-in the air and on the ground.

F.
Campaign for expanded/improved airfield capacity to reduce congestion-in the air and on the ground.

G.
Plug in to airport power when at gates instead of using aircraft engines.

H.
Shutting down of engines during delays: such as taxi queuing and standing at the jet way.

I.
With aircraft fuel, quality is also a key issue. Failure involves more than coasting to the hard shoulder and waiting for the rescue truck. Whole consignments of jet fuel can be rejected on quality grounds, e.g., bacteria found in a tanker. Bio jet, a sustainable version of jet fuel, does not yet exist, although there is some activity in this area. Isolated pockets of interest are emerging, but claims that such a solution could be available within five years will require much greater government and industry support to become a reality. The challenge of new fuel is that any change to the fuel specification has to clear commercial, regulatory, and technical hurdles.
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION The four priority strata are determined to reach the affected area as soon as possible with necessary constraints and variables. The expectations are taken to cover all possible factors affecting the sustainability of the aviation industry. The first stratum of priority, of attaining economic sustainability, includes four goals, of which one is to maximize the expected employment scenario with the maximized freedom of mobility. The attainment of the first stratum to the promising level is possible with minimization of cost of transport and maximization of the fuel efficiency. This would bring about the economic efficiency of the industry. The second stratum of priority is associated with increasing the operational efficiency to the maximum through minimization of aircraft turnaround such that the activities so performed are well synchronized giving preference to first activity that links to the other and then followed by the third. The goal one of this strata is appropriate traffic planning through maximization of viable promotional activities along with the maximization of customer services for the better operations. The third stratum of priority is to minimize the impacts on the natural resources caused due to the operation of the aviation industry. Thus we propose to minimize the impacts through minimization of land area devoted to aviation -air base, airport, operating heads, runways, etc. Minimization of wastage created in the processing and an efficient effort to minimize the depletion of ecosystem, both contribute towards the realization of the third priority. The fourth priority goal is social improvement. It targets at the minimization of accidents and hazards occurred and having a tendency to take place in coming future as the first goal. For accomplishment of this goal, the industry needs to maximize the maintenance services and capitalize on the training activities. As goal two, the industry needs to focus on the maximization of cultural enrichment through more and better to and fro movement, along with maximized facilities to the frequent travelers. Targets Assessing aviation sustainability can be achieved using these categories: i.

Economic sustainability ii.
Operational efficiency iii.
Natural resource conservation iv.
Social improvement Main Aim: Sustainability Maximization Priority 1: Economic Sustainability Goal 1: Freedom of mobility -maximize i.

Number of flight increase ii.
Travel per flight increased Goal 2: Cost of transport -minimize i.

Number of seats per flight increase ii.
Cargo per flight increase Goal 3: Fuel efficiency -maximize i.

Improved technology ii.
Air traffic management Priority 2: Operational Efficiency Goal 4: Traffic planning i. Viable promotion maximize ii.
Customer service increase Goal 5: Turn-around of Aircraft minimize i.
Cabin service -level 1 ii.
Maintenance -level 3 Priority 3: Natural Resource Conservation Goal 6: Total land area devoted to aviation minimize i.
Minimization of occupancy of allied services at air field Goal 7: Waste minimize Goal 8: Eco-system depletion minimize i. Tree plantation maximize ii.
Usage of alternative fuel maximize Priority 4: Social Improvement Goal 9: Number of accidents and hazards to be minimize i. Maintenance services to be increased ii.
Training activities increased Goal 10: Cultural enrichment to be maximize i.

Number of flight increased ii.
Travel per flight increased Goal 11: Facilities on board to be maximize i. Frequent traveler incentives (attractive gift and service scheme) to be increased Subject to the constraints: i.

Financial resources ii.
Area of land use iii.
Labor resources GOAL PROGRAMMING MODEL FORMULATION Formulating the main aims for sustainability maximization, bearing in mind the targets, according to their priorities by using goal programming model